Early European Cultural Tradition

European cultural tradition is the foundation of contemporary European culture. This tradition covers a long time span, from the 2nd millennium BC to today, and a vast geographical area, from the ancient Near East and Mediterranean region to the British Isles and northern Scandinavia. To understand the roots of contemporary culture, languages and literature, we focus on European languages and cultures from the Greco-Roman antiquity and ancient Scandinavia through the Middle Ages and the early modern period to the 19th century. On topics like the reception and development of ancient and mediaeval literary heritage, we use diachronic approaches and work with researchers who focus on the 20th and 21st century. When researching the culture of antiquity or the Middle Ages synchronically, we collaborate with historians and religious studies scholars, as well as colleagues from philosophy and literary studies.

This cluster includes the study of the transmission and reception of ancient Greek and Latin languages and Greek and Roman culture from late antiquity and its Christian authors through the Middle Ages (especially Latin) to the Renaissance and the early modern period. The Department of Classical Studies is a member of CAEMC (International Research Center of Ancient Near Eastern and Mediterranean Cultures) and collaborates with the Research Centre of the University of Tartu Library and its researchers who work on the early modern period, as well as with the international university network “Colloquium Balticum”, dedicated to the study of antiquity and its reception in the Baltic Sea area. Many researchers participate in the work of international organisations, such as the International Association of Neo-Latin Studies, the International Society for the History of Rhetoric, and the Renaissance Society of America. Our research projects include the study of Neo-Latin literature in Estonia, especially Tartu (including the aspect of multilingualism), the study of Humanist Greek literature in Europe, the poetics of the Late Middle Ages, the Renaissance and the early modern period, the study of Humanism and Neo-Humanism, the study of terminology and use of classical names, and the reception of classical literature and myth in modern visual arts and media.

Selected publications:

This cluster is dedicated to the study of classical antiquity, which mainly focuses on two topics. On the one hand, the cluster researches Greek and Roman metrics and stylistics, and more broadly, ancient poetics and rhetoric, in collaboration with the School of Theology. On the other hand, we study ancient literature (especially lyric poetry and drama, but also prose, such as the novel and rhetorical writers). In our research on ancient culture and the history of ideas we collaborate with the Department of Philosophy, the Department of General History, CAEMC (International Research Center of Ancient Near Eastern and Mediterranean Cultures), as well as the international university network “Colloquium Balticum”, dedicated to the study of antiquity and its reception in the Baltic Sea area. Some members of our department also focus on the study of linguistics, for example syntax.

Selected publications:

Our cluster at the Department of Scandinavian Studies researches European culture during the Middle Ages, with special attention to Old Norse studies. We currently focus on two projects: “Viking Dynasties – The Royal Families of Lejre and Uppsala between Archaeology and Text” (KrogagerFonden (Denmark) grant) and “Formulae in Icelandic Saga Literature” (UT baseline funding led by Professor Daniel Sävborg, with PhD student Kait Sepp and MA student Anastasia Tishunina as participants). Past projects include the study of supernatural and folkloristic motifs in medieval Scandinavian literature and tradition (“Encountering the Otherworld in Medieval Nordic Literature – New Perspectives” (Estonian Research Council grant, 2014–2018); translated literature in 13th-century Norway and Iceland; love and emotions in Old Norse literature; manuscript variation in the Scandinavian Middle Ages with a special focus on the Icelandic manuscripts of Snorra Edda, and interdisciplinarity in Viking Age studies.

Selected publications:

Our cluster studies the history of European culture and education, with special attention to teaching Greek and Latin in the schools of Estonia from the end of the 16th to the 19th century, the history of Tartu and Tartu-Pärnu Academy under the Swedish rule (1632-1710), the new creation of the University of Tartu in the 19th century, and the impact of its first professor of classical philology, Karl Morgenstern, and his Neo-Humanist ideas. We collaborate closely with the University of Tartu museums, the University of Tartu Library and colleagues from other institutes. In some of the clusters, the main focus of research is more on the education and the ideas in general (e.g. Classical studies, Scandinavian studies), but all departments study their own history (e.g. colleagues in the Department of English study teaching English etc).

Selected publications:

The Department of Classical Studies has studied translation from classical languages since the end of the 20th century, with projects dedicated to gathering the earlier translations as well as creating bibliographies and databases (http://philologic.ut.ee/). These translations have been studied from different aspects, such as translation type, metrics, syntax, lexica, using various approaches from modern translation theories. They have also been used as a means to study contrastive linguistics.

Selected publications:

Team

Kaidi Hõbejõgi
PhD (Classical Philology)
Institute of Foreign Languages and Cultures
Department of Classical Studies
Lecturer in Latin Language (on extended leave)
She teaches a number of Latin courses to the students of medicine, pharmacy, biology, different philologies etc, including courses on medieval Latin and Latin lyrics. Her main research interests include the history of the Latin language with a special focus on the early modern Latin; the history of early modern European universities (especially the history of Academia Dorpatensis 1632–1710) and the academic language use; historical sociolinguistics and multilingual practices (including different code-switching theories and practices). She has mainly published on these topics, but also on Latin inscriptions found in a number of Estonian churches.

Selected publications:

Kriisa, Kaidi (2021). Hidden Functions of Code-Switching mit Deutsch in Some of the Academic Texts from the Early Modern Academia Dorpatensis (1632-1710). Glaser, Elvira; Prinz, Michael; Ptashnyk, Stefaniya (Toim.). Historisches Codeswitching mit Deutsch. Multilinguale Praktiken in der Sprachgeschichte (269−302). Berlin: De Gruyter. (Studia Linguistica Germanica).
Kriisa, Kaidi (2019). Multilingual Practices in the Texts of Friedrich Menius, the First Professor of History and Anitquities at the Early Modern University of Dorpat (Academia Gustaviana). Acta Comeniana. lnternational review of Comenius studies and early modern intellectual history, LVII (33), 57−78.
Arukask, Anni; Kriisa, Kaidi; Lotman, Maria-Kristiina; Truusalu, Tuuli Triin; Uudevald, Martin; Viiding, Kristi (2018). Verse texts in the Latin inscriptions of Estonian ecclesiastical space: meter and prosody. Studia Metrica et Poetica, 5 (1), 80−104.
Kriisa, Kaidi (2017). Vernacular languages instead of Latin - the transition in academic dissertations and orations at the university of Tartu (Academia Gustaviana) in the 17th century. In: Arne Jönsson; Gregor Vogt-Spira (_EditorsAbbr). Antike nach der Antike: Der Ostseeraum. Praktiken - Diskurse - Modellbildungen – Funktionalisierunge (407−426). Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlag. (Spudasmata).
Kriisa, Kaidi (2017). Language change in academic texts from the University of Dorpat in the seventeenth century: scholarship applications as examples of students' multilingual practices. In: Festschrift to Arne Jönsson (755−777). Gothenburg: Makadan publishing house.
Viiding, Kristi; Lotman, Maria-Kristiina; Arukask, Anni; Kriisa, Kaidi; Truusalu, Tuuli Triin (2015). Ramus poeticus. Zu den lateinischen Grabgedichten auf dem Sarkophag von Thomas Ramm in der Tallinner Domkirche. Baltic Journal of Art History, 10, 85−101.

Projects:

PUT1030 “Masterpieces of Humanism in Livonia: David Hilchen's epistolography as a source of language, literary, juridical and educational history (1.01.2016−31.12.2019)”, Kristi Viiding, Under and Tuglas Literature Centre.

Research clusters:

Classical Tradition and History of the University of Tartu in Early European Cultural Tradition

Research and supervision topics:

  • Medieval Latin
  • Neo Latin literature
  • history of universities (esp. the early modern University of Tartu) and academic language use
  • historical sociolinguistics and multilingual practices (incl. code-switching)

CV in Estonian Research Information System

Marge Käsper
PhD (French Language and Literature)
Institute of Foreign Languages and Cultures
Department of Romance Studies
Lecturer in French Language and Linguistics
Lossi 3–403

Research and supervision topics:

  • discourse analysis
  • phonetics
  • lexicology
  • corpus linguistics
  • metaphors

CV in Estonian Research Information System

Maria-Kristiina Lotman
PhD (Classical Philology)
Institute of Foreign Languages and Cultures
Department of Classical Studies
Associate Professor of Classical Philology, 0.75 p
+372 737 6252
Lossi 3–405
Her main research interests include: versification, metrics and rhythmics, focusing on both classical verse forms (hexameter, elegiac distich, iambic trimeter, aeolic meters) as well as main regular meters in Estonian versification (iambic and trochaic tetrameter, iambic pentameter); semantics of verse, focusing on the semantic areas of verse meters and autometadescriptive mechanisms in poetry; translation of polycoded texts, especially poetic, dramatic, humorous and art texts. She has taught on both undergraduate and graduate level, including Latin language courses for beginners and advanced learners, Greek and Roman Antiquities, Classical Mythology, courses on various Greek and Roman authors and genres (epic, lyric, prose and drama authors).

Selected publications:

Gielen, Katiliina; Lotman, Maria-Kristiina (2021). On Performativity and Perception in Early Estonian-Language Theatre Translation / Performatiivsusest ja tajust varases eesti teatritõlkes. Methis Studia humaniora Estonica, 22 (27/28), 198−222.
Lotman, Maria-Kristiina; Viiding, Kristi (2021). Hilchens Metrik und Rhythmik. Die Versmaße, Versformen, Prosodie und Rhythmik.Verzeichnis der verwendeten Versmaße. David Hilchen. Sub velis poeticis. Lateinische Gedichte. Herausgegeben, übersetzt und kommentiert von Kristi Viiding und Martin Klöker. (37−48). Münster: LIT Verlag. (Baltische Literarische Kultur).
Lotman, Maria-Kristiina; Shkuratova, Anna (2021). How to translate Plautus's humour. In: DE RISU - Representations and evaluations of laughter in Greek and Latin litterature. (133−152). Lund: Media-Tryck. (Studia Graeca et Latina Lundensia ; 27).
Lotman, Mihhail; Lotman, Maria-Kristiina (2018). Eesti silbilis-rõhulise rütmika jooni: neliktrohheus ja -jamb 19. sajandi teisel poolel – 20. sajandi alguses. Tallinn: EKSA
Anderson, Jaanika; Lotman, Maria-Kristiina (2018). Intrasemiotic translation in the emulations of ancient art (On the example of the collections of the University of Tartu Art Museum). Semiotica: Journal of the International Association for Semiotic Studies, 222, 1−24.
Lotman, Maria-Kristiina (2012). Equiprosodic translation method in Estonian poetry. Sign Systems Studies 40 (3/4), 447-472.
Lotman, Maria-Kristiina (2011). The typology of the Estonian Hexameter. In: Lotman, Maria-Kristiina; Lotman, Mihhail (eds.), Frontiers in Comparative Prosody. Linguistic Insights 113. Bern, etc.: Peter Lang, 313–333.
Lotman, Maria-Kristiina (2011). The syllabic structure of Estonian hexameter at the end of the 19th century – the first half of the 20th century. Interlitteraria 16/2, 680-697.
Lotman, Maria-Kristiina (2011). Sapphic hendecasyllable in Estonian poetry. In: Küper, Christoph (ed.) Current Trends in Metrical Analysis. Littera. Studies in Language and Literature. Vol. 2. Bern, etc.: Peter Lang, 265-276.

Research clusters:

Classical Tradition and the History of Translation in Early European Cultural Tradition

Research and supervision topics:

  • metrics
  • poetics
  • translation of polycoded texts

CV in Estonian Research Information System

Kadri Novikov
PhD (Classical Philology)
Institute of Foreign Languages and Cultures
Department of Classical Studies
Lecturer in Classical Philology, Programme Director for Classical Studies
Lossi 3–407
She has been teaching classics at the University of Tartu since 2008 (ancient Greek and Latin, courses on epic, historical prose, lyric, rhetoric, ancient Greek and Latin novels, Greek and Roman Antiquities etc.). Her main research interests include: ancient Greek and Byzantine novels, focusing on narrative structure, sub-genres in the novels, rhetorical figures and the relations between these three aspects; the occurrence and forms of ancient names in the Estonian language (currently working on the Dictionary of Ancient Names, which will be openly accessed to all translators, editors, students etc.); and problems and possibilites of rendering rhetorical figures in the translations of Greek novels into Estonian language.

Selected publications:

Novikov, Kadri (2021) Kreeka romaanides esinevate kordusfiguuride vahendamisest. Keel ja Kirjandus 1-2, lk. 51-64.
Novikov, Kadri (2014) Leucippe and Clitophon" by Achilles Tatius: rhetorical figures, narrative tempo and genres in the Greek novel. Tartu: Tartu University Press.
Novikov, Kadri (forthcoming) On the Composition of Myths in Longus and Achilles Tatius. Hortus Floridus. Acta Societatis Morgensternianae.
Novikov, Kadri (2008) Ekphraseis in the novels of Achilleus Tatios and Eustathios Makrembolites: Comparison from the Rhetorical Point of View. Hellenu mantojums: Rigas 2. starptautiskas hellenistikas konferences materiali. Riga, 85−94.
Novikov, Kadri (2015). Gods and religion in "Leukippe and Kleitophon". In: Kämmerer, Thomas R., Kõiv, Mait (Ed.). Acta Antiqua Mediterranea et Orientalia (81−101). Münster: Ugarit Verlag.

Research clusters:

Studies of Antiquity in Early European Cultural Tradition

Research and supervision topics:

  • Ancient Greek novels
  • studying narrative and rhetoric, rhetorical figures in ancient novels
  • form of ancient names in earlier Estonian translations

CV in Estonian Research Information System

Neeme Näripä
PhD (Classical Philology)
Institute of Foreign Languages and Cultures
Department of Classical Studies
Lecturer in Latin and Ancient Greek
Lossi 3–407
Research clusters:

Studies of Antiquity in Early European Cultural Tradition

Research and supervision topics:

  • rhetorical theory (Hermogenes, stasis theory)
  • Greek tragedy (Aeschylus' trilogy "Oresteia", mythic world, gender)
  • Lucian ("True Stories", dialogues, sophistic speeches, mythic world, identity, dialect)

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Janika Päll
PhD (Classical Philology)
Institute of Foreign Languages and Cultures
Department of Classical Studies
Head of Department, Professor of Classical Philology, 0.8 p
Lossi 3–408
University of Tartu Library
Research Centre
Project Manager of Helleno-Nordica, 0.2 p
r 297
She has been teaching classics at the University of Tartu since 1995. In addition to her current position at the Department of Classical Studies, she has also been working as a researcher and leader of Humanist Greek research projects at the University of Tartu Library research centre since 2014.

Her main research interests include ancient languages (mainly Greek and Latin syntax and prosody), Greek and Roman literature (especially poetry from Homer to Byzantine period and from Lucretius to Poliziano; as well as rhetorical prose), ancient philosophy and its reception and the reception of antiquity (including translation history). She is also focusing on Neo-Latin and Humanist Greek literature (especially university dissertations, the tradition of rhetoric and Humanist Greek poetry). She is currently leading the creation of the database of Humanist Greek literature at the University of Tartu Library.
Janika Päll has been translating ancient literature since 1995. She also teaches on both undergraduate and graduate levels, including general courses on Ancient Greek and Roman literature and languages, the tradition of antiquity, poetics and rhetoric, as well as specialized courses on various Greek and Roman authors and genres (currently from Homer, Archaic Greek Lyric, Euripides, Demosthenes and Hellenistic Poetry to Caesar, Seneca and Neo-Latin literature).

Selected publications:

Päll, Janika (2020). German Neo-Humanism vs rising professionalism: "Carmina Hellenica Teutonum" by Braunschweig physician and philhellene Karl Friedrich Arend Scheller. In: Kajava, M., Korhonen, T. and Vesterinen, J. (Ed.). Meilicha Dōra. Poems and prose in Greek from Renaissance and modern Europe (299−332). Helsinki: Societas Scientiarum Fennica
Päll, Janika (2020). Greek disputations in German and Swedish Universities and Academic Gymnasia in the 17th and Early 18th Century. In: Marti, H.; Seidel, R.; Friedenthal, M. (Ed.). Early Modern Disputations and Dissertations in an Interdisciplinary and European Context (728−778). Leiden, Boston: Brill. (Intersections; 71).
Päll, Janika (2019). Vocabulaire commenté de l'Odyssée: Livre 11. Steinrück, M.; Päll, J.; Roduit, A.; Munoz, A.-I.. Vocabulaire commenté de l'Odyssée (378−424). Trieste: EUT Edizioni Università di Trieste. (Polymnia: Collana di Scienze dell'Antichità).
Päll, Janika (2017). The transfer of Greek Pindaric Ode from Italy to the Northern shores: from Robortello to Vogelmann and further. In: Weise, Stefan (Ed.). Hellenisti! Altgriechisch als Literatursprache im neuzeitlichen Europa (349−368). Franz Steiner Verlag.
Päll, J. (2011). Public speaking and speaker’s identity - Gorgias as an orator-poet. In: Dietrich, Manfred, Loretz, Oswald, Neumann, Hans (Ed.). Alter Orient und Altes Testament (201−218). Münster: Ugarit Verlag. (Acta Antiqua mediterranea et orientalia. Identities and Societies in the Ancient East-Mediterranean Regions; 1).

Research clusters:

Classical Tradition, Studies of Antiquity, the History of Translation and the History of the University of Tartu in Early European Cultural Tradition

Research and supervision topics:

  • ancient Greek and Latin language
  • ancient literature
  • the history of ancient rhetoric
  • the tradition of antiquity from renaissance humanists to neohumanism
  • neo-latin and humanist greek literature
  • translating ancient literature

CV in Estonian Research Information System

Pilvi Rajamäe
PhD (English Language and Literature)
Institute of Foreign Languages and Cultures
Department of English Studies
Lecturer in English Literature
Lossi 3–334
She teaches the history of English-speaking countries and English literature. Her research interests include English, Scottish and Estonian literature, the English country house, chivalry and British cultural history. She has published internationally on John Buchan, Tom Sharp, Evelyn Waugh and Aino Kallas. She is also the English-language editor of the literary journal Interlitteraria.

Selected publications:

Rajamäe, Pilvi (2019). The Call of the Wild: John Buchan's Heroes and the Decline of British Aristocracy. Interlitteraria, 24 (2).
Rajamäe, Pilvi (2013). What Kind of Heritage? Modernity versus Heritage in 'Huntingtower'. In: Kate Macdonald, Nathan Waddell (_EditorsAbbr). John Buchan and the Idea of Modernity (169−185). London: Pickering & Chatto. (Literary Texts and the Popular Marketplace; 4).
Rajamäe, Pilvi (2011). Modern Tales of Knight Errantry: John Buchan and Chivalry. Interlitteraria, 16 (2), 570−578.
Rajamäe, P. (2009). 'This insubstantial pageant faded': John Buchan's London between the Wars. In: Hubble, N. (_EditorsAbbr). Literary London Journal. Vol. 7, No. 1. Special Edition (x−x). London. Link to publication.

Research clusters:

History of the University of Tartu in Early European Cultural Tradition
Ivo Volt
PhD (Classical Philology)
Institute of Foreign Languages and Cultures
Department of Classical Studies
Lecturer in Classical Studies, 0.5 p
Lossi 3–405
Area of Academic Secretary
University of Tartu Press
Editor-in-Chief, 0.5 p
Lossi 3–109
+372 737 6252
+372 737 5946
+372 527 1764
His main research interests include: character portrayal in Ancient Greek literature; Peripatetic School (especially Theophrastus) and its reception; history of classical studies and reception of antiquity (especially in Estonia); papyrology; ancient epistolography; digital humanities; open access models in humanities and social sciences.

He has teaching experience on both undergraduate and graduate levels, including both general courses on Ancient Greek and Roman literature, Greek and Roman Antiquities, Classical Mythology, and the Classical Heritage, as well as specialized courses on various Greek and Roman authors and genres (Aristophanes, Plutarch; Cicero, Roman epigram and satire, epistolography). In addition to his current position at the Department of Classical Studies, he is also, since 2012, the editor-in-chief of the University of Tartu Press.

Selected publications:

Volt, Ivo (2011). Identity and ethnic friction in Greek papyrus letters from Egypt. In: Kämmerer, Thomas Richard (ed.). Identities and Societies in the Ancient East-Mediterranean Regions: Comparative Approaches. Henning Graf Reventlow Memorial Volume (333−340). Münster: Ugarit Verlag. (Alter Orient und Altes Testament; 390/1).
Volt, I. (2010). Not valuing others: social cohesion in the Characters of Theophrastus. In: Rosen, Ralph M.; Sluiter, Ineke (eds.). Valuing Others in Classical Antiquity (303−322). Leiden; Boston: BRILL Academic Publishers. (Mnemosyne Supplements; 323).
Volt, I. (2007). Character description and invective: Peripatetics between ethics, comedy and rhetoric. Tartu: Tartu University Press.
Volt, Ivo (2003). Aspects of ancient Greek moral vocabulary: illiberality and servility in moral philosophy and popular morality. Trames: Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences, 7 (2), 67−82.

Research clusters:

Classical Tradition, History of the University of Tartu, Studies on Antiquity and History of Translation in Early European Cultural Tradition
Klaarika Kaldjärv
PhD (Spanish Language and Literature)
Institute of Foreign Languages and Cultures
Department of Romance Studies
Lecturer in Spanish Literature and Translation Studies
+372 737 5319
Lossi 3–420
Her main research interests include literary translation, its reception and functioning in society, Hispanic studies, and literary studies (narrative and fiction theory). She mainly teaches translation and literature delivering courses on Spanish literature and literature in Spanish-speaking countries, translation criticism, text analysis, translation seminars, and also courses on the literary texts in the Estonian culture of translation. She has also translated literature in Spanish into Estonian, among other works Hopscotch by Julio Cortázar and The Savage Detectives by Roberto Bolaño.

Selected publications:

Kaldjärv, Klaarika (2019). La función nacional de la traducción: el método equimétrico y el caso del Romance sonámbulo en estonio. [Tõlkimise rahvuslik funktsioon: ekvimeetriline tõlkemeetod ja "Romance sonámbulo" eesti keeles.] Mirko Lampis. EN LOS LÍMITES DE LA TRADUCCIÓN Las prácticas traductivas como cuestión sociocultural (32−41). Hispaania: Ediciones Alfar.
Gielen, Katiliina; Kaldjärv, Klaarika (2019). Mission and Sacrifice: Myths of Estonian Translation History. Acta Slavica Estonica, X, 310−327.
Kaldjärv, Klaarika (2018). Jutustaja ja fiktsionaalsed maailmad. Tõlkija hääl. Eesti Kirjanike Liidu tõlkijate sektsiooni aastaraamat, 6, 74−82.
Gielen, Katiliina; Kaldjärv Klaarika (2018). World Literature in Estonia: the construction of national translation ethics. Interlitteraria, Vol 23 (No 1), 19−32.
Kaldjärv, Klaarika (2017). Tõlkija kui nähtamatu maag: näiteid hispaaniakeelse kirjanduse tõlgetest Jüri Talveti tõlkemõtte valguses. Methis. Studia humaniora Estonica, 17/18, 70−93.
Kaldjärv, Klaarika (2017). Teooria ja praktika vahel ehk ikka puuduvast tõlkekriitikast. Keel ja Kirjandus, 939−943.

Research clusters:

Translation History and Philosophical Approaches in Translation Studies
The History of Translation in Early European Cultural Tradition
Text and Discourse Studies in Linguistics
Ideology of Translation and Translation of Ideology and Contemporary Liiterature, Society and Cultural Practices of Representation in Modern and Contemporary Literature

Research and supervision topics:

  • translation studies
  • literary translation
  • translations from Spanish into Estonian
  • literature in Spanish

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